Suchergebnisse: Dance Music

Notes: - High-grade patch cable designed for modular units
- 3.5mm mono jack plugs
- Length: 120cm
- Blue finish

Notes: - High-grade patch cable designed for modular units
- 3.5mm mono jack plugs
- Length: 200cm
- Green finish

Notes: Module A-124 is a special 12dB multimode filter using the "strange" filter circuit of the "EDP Wasp" (an analog synthesizer with black/yellow case built end of the seventies, manufactured by the UK company "Electronic Dream Plant" with Chris Huggett und Adrian Wagner). This design "abuses" digital inverters as analog operational amplifiers leading to distortions and other "dirty" effects that generate the specific sound of this filter. The filter is equipped with a band pass output and a combined low/notch/high pass output. For this output a control knob defines the relation between low and high pass signal. If both signals appear at the same level (i.e. middle position of the Mix knob) one obtains a notch filter. Otherwise the low or high pass signal predominates. The module does not feature self-oscillation in contrast to most of the other filters of the A-100 system.

Inputs: Audio In, CV In (2x)
Outputs: Bandpass Out, Low/Highpass Mix-Out
Controls: Audio and CV attenuator, Frequency, Resonance, LP/HP Mix

The function and operation of this module is very similar to the module SEM VCF A-106-5. But the sound of both filters is very different! The only functional difference is the position of the sockets and controls, and the function of the controls CV2 (A-124: normal attenuator, A-106-5: polarizer).

- 3U Eurorack module, 8HP wide, 45mm deep
- Current draw 30mA

Notes: - High-grade patch cable designed for modular units
- 3.5mm mono jack plugs
- Length: 50cm
- Angled connector on one end
- Orange finish

Notes: Module A-151 (Quad Sequential Switch) is like an electronic four-position rotary switch.

It includes trigger and reset inputs, four in / outputs, and a common out / input. Each time a pulse is received at the trigger input socket, the common out / input is connected to the next in / output. After the fourth in / output, the next trigger makes it step back to the first again, and so on. A positive pulse at the reset input switches the out / input immediately back to the first in / output (see Fig. 1). Voltages in the range -8V...+8V at the O/I resp. I/O sockets can be processed by the module.

Four LEDs indicate the active in / output (i.e. the on that is connected to the out / input at any particular time).

Notes: - 6.3 mm jack male mono to 3.5 mm jack male mono
- Length: 1.5 metres

Notes: A-138s is a simple but useful 4-in-2 mixing tool. It has four inputs available. Each input is equipped with an attenuator (Level) and a panning control that is used to distribute the signal to the left and right output. Beyond stereo mixing it is equally suited to create variable parallel routings. For example: Any of the four inputs may be routed in variable intensity to feed two filters.

You may regard the A-138s as a smaller version of the A-138m Matrix Mixer.

Inputs and outputs are DC coupled, i.e. the module can be used for the mixing of control signals too.

- 3U Eurorack module, 8 HP wide, 30 mm in depth
- Power consumption: 10 mA at +12 V and 10 mA at -12 V

Notes: Module A-160-2 is an enhanced version of the standard clock divider A-160. The module is a frequency divider for clock/trigger/gate signals, designed to be a source of lower frequencies, particularly for rhythm uses. The Clock input will take any digital signal from, eg. LFO, MIDI sync, or the gate from a MIDI-CV interface. At the outputs, you have access to three sets of seven different sub-divided clock signals, from half the clock frequency down to 1/128. The low/high levels of the output signals are 0V and about +10V.

The A-160-2 also has a reset input. Whenever a reset signal is sensed, all outputs are set to certain levels which depend upon the selected mode.

These are the most important features of the module:

Three different sets of dividing factors, selected by a three-position switch at the front panel:
- Power of two: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128
- Prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17
- Integer: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

Two output modes, selected by a two-position switch at the front panel:
- Gate mode: outputs act like the outputs of typical binary dividers
- Trigger mode: in this mode the outputs are AND-wired with the clock signal (i.e. the clock pulsewidth affects the pulsewidth of the outputs)
- Clock edge type selected by a jumper on the pc board:
- Positive: the rising edge of the clock signal triggers the state change of the outputs
- Negative: the falling edge of the clock signal triggers the state change of the outputs

Reset behaviour by two jumpers on the pc board:
- Level triggered: the level at the Reset input triggers the Reset
- Edge triggered: the edge of the signal at the Reset input triggers the Reset
- Positive: a high level (> 2.5V) or the rising edge at the Reset input triggers the Reset
- Negative: a low level (< 1 V) or the falling edge at the Reset input triggers the Reset

Output polarity selected by a jumper on the pc board:
- Positive: non-inverted outputs
- Negative: all seven outputs are inverted

Width: 4HP / 20mm
Depth: 35mm (Measured from the rear side of the front panel)
Current: +12V: +50mA, -12V: -0mA

Notes: Module A-119 (External Input / Envelope Follower) is designed to allow external audio signals to be integrated into the System A-100. It comprises a pre-amp, envelope follower, and comparator.

The pre-amp has two inputs: an unbalanced input for line level signals, with a gain factor of from 0 to 20, and a balanced input with a gain factor of from 0 to 500, for insertion of low level signals, for instance from a microphone or electric guitar.

The Envelope Follower reads the signal level of the input, and puts out a proportional voltage as an envelope at its own output.

The comparator generates a gate signal whenever the input goes above an adjustable trigger threshold.

Three LED's help you keep track of overload, the envelope, and the gate signal.

Notes: - High-grade patch cable designed for modular units
- 3.5mm mono jack plugs
- Length: 15cm
- Yellow finish

Notes: - High-grade patch cable designed for modular units
- 3.5mm mono jack plugs
- Length: 80cm
- Red finish

Notes: Blank panel, 1HP, constructed from anodised aluminium, silver.

Notes: Blank panel, 1.5 HP, constructed from anodised aluminium, silver.

Notes: - High-grade patch cable designed for modular units
- 3.5mm mono jack plugs
- Length: 50cm
- Grey finish

Notes: - High-grade patch cable designed for modular units
- 3.5mm mono jack plugs
- Length: 50cm
- Transparent cabling

Notes: Module A-101-8 is a 8-stage phase shifter which uses light-sensitive resistors (LDR) and is a replica of the Compact Phasing A manufactured by the company Schulte in the seventies. The actual phasing circuit is identical to the historic model. Only the illumination control of the LDRs is different: the A-101-8 uses LEDs to illuminate the LDRs, the historic model used incandescent miniature lamps. And the A-101-8 has no built-in LFO but can be controlled by any external control voltage source (e.g. LFO, ADSR, random, Theremin, ribbon controller, sequencer, midi). The phasing offset (i.e. the base value for the phase shifting) and the modulation depth of the external control signal can be adjusted separately. The Compact Phasing A had no offset control but only a depth control for the built-in LFO. Feedback and mixing ratio of the output signal are set by two controls. The audio input is equipped with an attenuator. The module has two audio outputs available (same as the historic model) and a visual display of the phase shifting.

The module has these controls and in/outputs available:

Control Man. : manual control of the phase shift offset (base value)

Control CV: attenuator for the signal applied to the CV socket

Control Feedb.: Feedback or Resonance (similar function as filter resonance/feedback/emphasis)

Control Mix: sets the mixing ratio between original and phase shift signal appearing at output 1

fully CCW: only the modified input signal appears at output 1 (see note below *)

center: a mixture between the modified input signal and the phase shift signal appears at output 1, that's the standard position for the classical phasing effect

fully CW: the pure phase shifted signal appears at output 1 (e.g. for vibrato effects)

Control Input Level: attenuator for signal applied to the In socket

Socket In: audio input

Socket CV: control voltage input

Socket Out 1: audio output 1 (mix signal)

Socket Out 2: audio output 2 (modified input signal)

LED: visual control of the phase shift

The module has some peculiarities (same as the historic model):

The input signal is processed at first by a pre-stage which outputs a "modified" input signal (*). This signal is not processed by the phase shift stages but is affected by the feedback setting. Only when feedback is set to zero this signal is identical to the input signal. Otherwise it contains feedback components.

This signal is output on socket Out 2.

When both output sockets Out 1 and Out 2 are used as stereo channels one obtains a spatial stereo sound effect.

The same signals is also used for the CCW position of the mix control. With mix control fully CCW the unmodified signal appears only if the feedback control is set to zero. Otherwise it contains feedback components.

The historic model had two audio inputs: one 5-pin DIN socket and a 1/4" jack socket. The DIN socket was intended for high-level line signals. When the 1/4" jack socket was used the amplification of the pre-stage increased by about 100. The 1/4" jack socket was intended for low level signals (e.g. electric guitars or microphones). For this feature the A-101-8 has an internal jumper that can be used to increase the amplification. As long as the module is used within the A-100 system usually the lower amplification is used to avoid distortion.

The 8 photo resistors and LEDs are assembled within an small lighproof box. In addition the pc boards are made of lighproof black material to avoid interfering light from other modules or the bus board.

Dimensions
4 HP
45 mm deep

Current Draw
30 mA +12V
30 mA -12V

Notes: Module A-140-2 contains two ADSR type envelope generators behind a front panel with 8 HP only.

Each ADSR provides these controls and in/outputs:

- LED (displays the envelope output)
- A: manual Attack control
- D: manual Decay control
- S: manual Sustain control
- R: manual Release control
- Gate Input
- Retrigger Input
- CVT Input with attenuator (CVT = CV Time)
- Envelope Output 1
- Envelope Output 2

The output voltage range for each envelope is 0 - 10V. The time range of Attack/Decay/Release is about 1ms to 30s.

By means of internal jumpers one can select which time parameters are controlled by the CVT input (e.g. D only or D+R or A+D+R) and in which direction (i.e. if an increasing CVT shortens or stretches the time parameter in question).

Socket CVT can be normalled to an internal fixed voltage (i.e. the switching contact is connected to an internal fixed voltage). That way it's possible to change all time parameters simultaneously by means of the CVT control.

Another jumper is used to set output 2 to normal or inverted envelope.

And another jumper is used for the normalling of Gate 2 to Gate 1 (i.e. ADSR#2 is also triggered by Gate 1).

Two more jumpers are used for the optional bus access to the gate signal of the bus for each ADSR. Changing the positions of the mentioned jumpers allows to modify the factory settings.

Notes: Module A-151 (Quad Sequential Switch) is like an electronic four-position rotary switch.

It includes trigger and reset inputs, four in/outputs, and a common out/input. Each time a pulse is received at the trigger input socket, the common out/input is connected to the next in/output. After the fourth in/output, the next trigger makes it step back to the first again, and so on. A positive pulse at the reset input switches the out/input immediately back to the first in/output. Voltages in the range -8V...+8V at the O/I resp. I/O sockets can be processed by the module.

Four LED's indicate the active in/output (ie. the one that is connected to the out/input at any particular time).

Notes: A-138s is a simple but useful 4-in-2 mixing tool. It has four inputs available. Each input is equipped with an attenuator (Level) and a panning control that is used to distribute the signal to the left and right output. Beyond stereo mixing it is equally suited to create variable parallel routings. For example: Any of the four inputs may be routed in variable intensity to feed two filters.

You may regard the A-138s as a smaller version of the A-138m Matrix Mixer.

Inputs and outputs are DC coupled, i.e. the module can be used for the mixing of control signals too.

- 3U Eurorack module, 8 HP wide, 30 mm in depth
- Power consumption: 10 mA at +12 V and 10 mA at -12 V

Notes: Module A-148 (Dual S&H) has two identical sample & hold modules, designed to produce 'staircase' voltages. The signal present at the sample input is sampled at a rate set by the signal at the trigger input, and held at that voltage at the S&H output.

The exact shape of the staircase depends on the sort of waveform at the sample input: NOISE or RANDOM signals produce random patterns; an LFO produces rising or falling staircase patterns.

Two LEDs for each S&H indicate the voltage (positive or negative) of the sampled signal.

Notes: A-105-4 is our first polyphonic filter and contains four
identical 24dB Lowpass filters (SSM2044 type). It has
available common manual controls and CV inputs with
attenuators for these parameters:

Frequency (F)

Frequency Modulation Intensity (FM)

Resonance (Q)

Audio Input Level (L)
Each filter has available a separate FM input as well as an Audio Input and Output. The FM input is typically connected to the output of the associated envelope generator (e.g. A-141-4).
The envelope amount for all four filters is controlled by the FM knob and the CVFM input by means of four built-in VCAs, which are controlled by the FM control and CVFM input. This allows also voltage control of the envelope amounts.

In addition common frequency modulation for all filters is possible (e.g. by an LFO). For this the CVF input with attenuator can be used. The range of the audio input level control (L) allows also clipping/distortion with typical A-100 audio levels
(e.g. from A-111-4) at the filter inputs. Even this parameter is voltage controllable as well as the resonance (Q).
Application: polyphonic patches (four VCFs with same parameters).

Notes: 2HP narrow version of the A-180 multiples module. It is a passive signal splitter suitable for audio or CVs. Two sets of four jacks are interconnected, by placing a solder bridge you can connect all eight jacks.

Notes: Blank panel, 4HP, constructed from anodised aluminium, silver.

Notes: Blank panel, 42HP, constructed from anodised aluminium, silver.

Notes: - High-grade patch cable designed for modular units
- 3.5mm mono jack plugs
- Length: 30cm
- Black finish

Notes: - 6.3 mm jack male mono to 3.5 mm jack male mono
- Length: 3 metres

Notes: Patch cable for modular synthesizer 80 cm, transparent, mono jack plug 3.5 mm at each end.

Notes: Module A-145-4 is a simple quad LFO (Low Frequency Oscillator). Not a very "exciting" module, just a bread-and-butter device and a simple demon for work. Virtually in every modular system several LFOs are required for modulation purposes. The module contains four simple LFOs with the waveforms triangle and rectangle. A dual colour LED (red = positive / yellow = negative output voltage) indicates the triangle output of each LFO. The frequency range can be chosen for each LFO individually by means of a jumper between about 50 Hz ... 0.04 Hz (about 20 seconds, jumper removed) and about 2Hz ... 0.002 (about 8 minutes, jumper installed).

The module can be treated as a slimmed version of the quad LFO A-143-3 as it has similar features available. But the distances between the controls are smaller and rubberized small-sized knobs are used. In return the front panel has 4 HP only which is less than one third of the A-143-3. The module is primarily planned for applications where only limited space is available. The functional difference compared to the A-143-3 are the missing sawtooth outputs and frequency range switches.

Notes: Blank panel, 4HP, constructed from anodised aluminium, black.

Notes: Module A-138n is a simple four channel mixer, which can be used with either control voltages or audio signals. Each of the four inputs has an attenuator available. The output is twice available (two sockets, hard-wired like a multiple).

The module is the slim version of module A-138a and offers nearly the same features. But the distances between the controls are smaller and rubberized small-sized knobs are used. In return the front panel has 4 HP only which is half the width of the A-138a. The module is primarily planned for applications where only limited space is available. The only functional difference compared to the A-138a is the missing attenuator for the (dual) output.

Notes: Module A152 is a very useful switching and T&H module. It combines a voltage addressed 1-to-8 multiplexer and 8 fold T&H that can be used as kind of an analogue shift register too. The active in/output is displayed by a LED. The digital output of the currently addressed step outputs "high". The remaining digital outputs are low.

Instead of voltage control even clock/reset controlled addressing of the active step is possible. The rising edge of each clock signal causes an advance to the next state. The rising edge of the reset signal resets to step 1.

The sum of the voltages coming from the manual Address control and the CV input define the currently addressed step of the 3 sub-devices. If the module is controlled by clock and reset the control voltage has to remain unchanged as the CV control has priority over the clock/reset control (e.g. simply turn the CV control fully counter-clockwise and do not touch the Address control knob).

Sub-device #1 is the bidirectional 8-fold multiplexer (kind of an electronical 8-fold rotary switch). Bidirectional means that it works into both directions like a mechanical rotary switch: the common socket may work as an output that is connected to one of the 8 inputs that are e.g. connected to modulation or audio sources. But the common socket may even function as input. In this case the signal applied to the common socket is output to the currently addressed single socket. The voltage range of the in/outputs to be switched is the full A-100 voltage range -12V....+12V. All A-100 signals can be switched without any restrictions.

Sub-device #2 is the addressed 8-fold T&H. The signal at the common T&H input is connected to the addressed T&H output. As soon as a new output is addressed the last voltage is stored at the output (Track&Hold function). The T&H section of the A-152 allows the emulation of the "toggling T&H" function of the Buchla module 266 "Source of Uncertainty". Only the first two T&H outputs of the A-152 are required for this application. This unit can be used also as kind of an analogue (shift) register. The difference to a "real" analogue shift register is that the sampled output voltages are not shifted to the next output but remain allocated to the same output. But in some cases (e.g. controlling the pitch of 3 VCOs by 3 output voltages of the A-152) the result is the same.

Sub-device #3 is the digital output section. The digital output of the currently addressed turns to "high". All other digital outputs are low. The digital outputs can be used to trigger e.g. envelope generators or to control the reset input in the clocked mode to reduce the number of addressed stages.

Notes: The module contains two ADSR type voltage controlled envelope generators with exponential curve shapes (charge/discharge curves of a capacitor) behind a front panel with 8 HP only.

Each ADSR provides these controls and in/outputs:

- LED (displays the envelope output)
- A: manual Attack control
- D: manual Decay control
- S: manual Sustain control
- R: manual Release control
- Gate Input
- Retrigger Input
- CVT Input with attenuator (CVT = CV Time)
- Envelope Output 1
- Envelope Output 2

The output voltage range for each envelope is 0 - 10V (10V = attack peak).

The time range of Attack/Decay/Release is about 1ms to 30s.

By means of internal jumpers one can select which time parameters are controlled by the CVT input (e.g. D only or D+R or A+D+R) and in which direction (i.e. if an increasing CVT shortens or stretches the time parameter in question).

Socket CVT can be normalled to an internal fixed voltage (i.e. the switching contact is connected to an internal fixed voltage). That way it's possible to change all time parameters simultaneously by means of the CVT control.

Another jumper is used to set output 2 to normal or inverted envelope.

And another jumper is used for the normalling of Gate 2 to Gate 1 (i.e. ADSR#2 is also triggered by Gate 1).

Two more jumpers are used for the optional bus access to the gate signal of the bus for each ADSR.

Notes: A-135-2 is a miniature version of the A-135-1. Behind a front panel with 8 HP only four linear VCAs (voltage controlled amplifiers) and a voltage controlled mixer based on the VCAs are available.

Controls, In/Outputs and Functions of each VCA:

- Level (manual control of the VCA amplification), small rubberized knob (L1...L4)
- Control voltage input with associated attenuator (CV1...CV4), for the full VCA control range about 0...+5V control voltage are required (attenuator fully clockwise), for higher control voltages the attenuator is used, the attenuators are without knobs, just plastic shafts with white marker
- Signal Input
- Signal Output
- All inputs and outputs are DC coupled. Consequently the VCAs can be used to process both audio and control voltages (e.g. to control the level of LFOs or envelopes)
- The signal input is not equipped with an attenuator. But the VCAs can process all signals up to 15Vpp / -7.5...+7.5V without clipping. In case of higher levels an external attenuator is required (e.g. A-183-1).
- The available amplification range is 0...1, the maximal amplification is 1 (i.e. it "clips" and remains at 1 even if the control voltage goes beyond the value that corresponds to amplification 1)

Functions of the voltage controlled mixers:

- Two outputs ("Selected" and "All")
- Selected output: the ouput if a VCA is removed from this sum signal when a plug is inserted into the corresponding VCA output.
- All output: sum of all VCA outputs, regardless of inserted plugs into the VCA outputs
- The maximal amplification is about 0.6 to avoid clipping at the mixer outputs (otherwise the outputs may distort with 15Vpp signals at each signal input and full amplifications)

Special functions of the voltage controlled mixers (selectable by internal jumpers):

- Dual Stereo VCA: In this case the control unit of VCA1 (L1 + CV1) affects also VCA3 and the control unit of VCA2 (L2 + CV2) affects also VCA4, the control units of VCA2 and VCA4 are out of operation
- Quad VCA: In this case the control unit of VCA1 (L1 + CV1) affects all four VCAs. The control units of VCA2, VCA3 and VCA4 are out of operation. In this mode the module has the same function as module A-132-2. That's why module A-132-2 will be discontinued.
- Normalling of the signal inputs: by means of internal jumpers signal input 1 can be normalled to signal input 2, signal input 2 to signal input 3 and signal input 3 to signal input In 4. That way the same input signal can be distributed to four different channels by means of control voltages (e.g. quadrophonic distribution of audio signals). Suitable control voltage sources are e.g. A-144 (Morphing Controller) or A-143-9 (Quadrature LFO).

Notes: Theremin module for generating a variable control voltage by approaching/removing hand to/from an antenna.

The distance range is about 30 cm. Additionally the module is equipped with a Gate output with adjustable threshold level. To simulate the original Theremin two A-178, a VCO (e.g. A-110) and a linear VCA (e.g. A-130 or A-132) are required. But of course the A-178 can be used to control other functions in the A-100 (e.g. filter frequency, modulation depth and/or speed, tempo, attack/decay time and so on).

The CV output voltage of the A-178 can range - according to the setting of the front panel controls - from -10V...+10V.

The gate output switches from 0V to about +10V.

Power consumption: 60mA at +12V and 20mA at -12V

Depth: 40mm

HP : 8

Notes: Module A-130-4 contains four linear VCAs with a common level control section for all four VCAs. It can be used for all applications of simultaneous amplitude/level control of up to four different audio or CV signals. A-130-4 is the replacement of the no longer available module A-132-2. Compared to the A-132-2 the width has been reduced from 8HP to 4HP.

The module has these controls and in/outputs available:

Control Man.: manual control of the amplification
Control CV: attenuator for the control voltage applied to socket CVo socket Input 1
Sockets In 1...4: VCA inputs 1...4
Sockets Out 1...4: VCA outputs 1...4

Application examples:

simultaneous amplitude/level control of up to four different audio or CV signals
polyphonic application 1: simultaneous control of the frequency modulation depth of 4 VCOs (Quad-LFO A-145-4 or Quad-VCLFO A-147-5 > A-130-4 > FM inputs A-111-4)
polyphonic application 2: simultaneous control of the pulsewidth modulation depth of 4 VCOs (Quad-LFO A-145-4 or Quad-VCLFO A-147-5 > A-130-4 > PWM inputs A-111-4)
simultaneous control of quadrophonic signals

Technical notes:

The maximum amplification for each VCA is about 1 ("Man." control fully CW). Even with an external control voltage applied to the CV input the maximum amplification is limited to 1.
The module is equipped with two internal connectors (pin headers with 4 pins each). Pin header #1 can be used to normalize the four inputs to other modules (e.g. Quad LFO A-145-4 or A-147-5, Quad ADSR A-143-2). Pin header #2 can be used to connect the four outputs to other modules.
The max. level at the VCA inputs without clipping/distortion is about 20Vpp or +/-10V.

Dimensions
4 HP
45 mm deep

Notes: Module A-147-2 is the successor of the VCLFO A-147 but offers much more features than the predecessor. The module is made of these sub-units:

- VCLFO: voltage controlled low frequency oscillator
- VCA: voltage controlled amplifier, switchable to voltage controlled polarizer
- VC delay unit: voltage controlled linear attack envelope (only one parameter: attack) for delayed LFO operation in combination with the VCA (e.g. delayed vibrato/tremolo)

LFO: The voltage controlled LFO has the waveforms Triangle, Sine, Sawtooth and Rectangle available and features a Reset/Sync input. Triangle/Sine and Rectangle are displayed by means of dual-colour LEDs (probably red/green), Sawtooth has a unicolor LED available (probably blue). The output levels are about -4V...+4V for Triangle, Sine and Rectangle. The Sawtooth level is about 0...+8V.

The CV control can be switched to attenuator or polarizer ("CV Mode" switch). In polarizer mode the CV inputs affects the frequency in the reverse manner when the CV control is left from the centre position. In the centre position CV has no effect and right from the centre the control works like a normal attenuator. The frequency range (without external CV) is from about 0,005 Hz (i.e. about 3 minutes per period) to 200 Hz (with external CV max. frequency about 1kHz). In addition a ultra-low mode can be activated by means of an internal jumper. When the ultra-low jumper is set a fixed voltage is connected to the switching contact of the "LFO CV" socket. In polarizer mode of the CV control that way extremely low frequencies (up to one hour period and more) are possible. For this a jumper has to be installed on the pin header JP6. In the factory a dummy jumper is installed on the pin header JP7 "Dummy". JP7 has no function and is used only for "parking" of the jumper. Simply remove the jumper from JP7 and plug it on JP6. JP6 is located behind the CV control.

VCA: This is a linear VCA that can be switched to "normal" VCA (i.e. kind of a voltage controlled attenuator) or voltage controlled polarizer ("VCA Mode" switch). In the "normal" VCA mode amplification +1 is achieved with about +5V control voltage. In polarizer mode the amplification ranges from about -0.5 (i.e. inverted signal with about 50% level) with 0V CV to +0.5 (i.e. non-inverted signal with about 50% level) with +5V CV. With about +2.5V CV the signal is suppressed. Details about the functioning of a voltage controlled polarizer can be found in the description of the module A-133. In this mode the VCA can be treated also a DC coupled ring modulator (similar to A-114).

The VCA of the A-147-2 has three sockets available: "In" (signal input), "Out" (signal output) and "CV" (control voltage input).

The Triangle Output of the LFO is normalled to the VCA signal input by means of the switching contact of the "VCA In" socket. If another LFO waveform (or any other signal) should be processed by the VCA the corresponding signal has to be patched to the "VCA In" socket. The VCA can be used also independently from the LFO and the Delay CV. In this case the VCA sockets In, Out and CV have to be patched accordingly. The VCA can be used also as waveshaper for the LFO signals (e.g. by patching VCA In and VCA CV to different LFO signals, if necessary via attenuator A-183-1 or offset generator/attenuator A-183-2).

Attack/Delay: The third sub-unit of the module is a simple, voltage controlled envelope generator that has only the parameter "Delay" (or Attack) available. This unit generates a linear increasing voltage that starts from 0V after each Delay Reset until it reaches about +5V. Then the voltage remains at +5V until the next Delay Reset occurs. The inclination or gradient is controlled by the manual Delay control and the Delay control voltage ("Delay CV" input). The waveform is linear, the control scale is exponential. The output voltage is displayed by a green LED and available at the "Delay Out" socket.

The manual Delay control ranges - without external "Delay CV" - from about 5ms (fully CW) up to 2 minutes (fully CCW). By means of an external voltage applied to the "Delay CV" socket this range can be extended. A rising CV shortens the delay time (behaviour like a VCO)!

The Delay output voltage ranges from about 0V to +5V. The rising edge of the gate, clock or trigger signal applied to the "Delay Reset" sockets resets the Delay output voltage to 0 V.

"Delay Out" is normalled to the VCA CV input by means of the switching contact of the "VCA CV" socket and consequently controls the Triangle level provided that no other patch is made. A typical example is the usage of a Gate signal (e.g. from a USB/Midi-to-CV/Gate interface) as Delay Reset. That way a delayed vibrato or tremolo can be realized if the VCA output is patched to the frequency CV input of a VCO (or VCF), or the CV input of a VCA.

Notes: Compact and simple four-input mixer module from Uncle Dieter. Linear pots make it suited to mixing CV signals but it can also handle audio. Mixed signal hard-wired to two sockets.

Supplier notes:
Module A-138n is a simple four channel mixer, which can be used with either control voltages or audio signals. Each of the four inputs has an attenuator available. The output is twice available (two sockets, hard-wired like a multiple).

HP : 4

Notes: Module A-196 contains a so-called phase locked loop (PLL). The basic PLL system is shown in the sketch at the bottom of this page. A PLL consists of three parts: voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), phase comparator (PC), and low-pass filter (LPF). All parts are normally connected to form a closed-loop frequency-feedback system.

This is how a PLL works: The output of the internal VCO (linear CV control, rectangle output) is compared with an external signal (e.g. the rectangle output of a A-110 VCO) in the so-called phase comparator (PC). The output of the phase comparator is a digital signal (low/high/tristate) that indicates if the frequency resp. phase difference of the two input signals is negative, zero or positive. The output of the phase comparator is processed by a low pass filter (LPF) to generate a smooth voltage that is used to control the frequency of the internal VCO. The 3 units VCO, PC and LPF form a feedback loop that works like this: The control voltage (output of the LPF) increases as long as the external frequency is higher than the frequency of the internal VCO und stops increasing when both frequencies become identical. The control voltage decreases as long as the external frequency is lower than the frequency of the internal VCO und stops decreasing when both frequencies become identical.

But there are some stumbling blocks: Different types of phase comparators with advantages and disadvantages can be made. Some phase comparators e.g. even lock at harmonics, i.e. if the two frequencies to be compared are integer multiples. But for some applications this can be used to create interesting effects. The A-196 contains 3 different types of phase comparators: PC1 is a simple exclusive OR, that even locks at harmonics. PC2 is a so-called RS flipflop and PC3 a more complex digital memory network. The user can select one of the three phase comparators with a 3-position switch. When PC2 is used a LED displays the "locked" state, i.e. when the frequency of the internal VCO is identical to the external frequency.

Special attention has to be directed to the frequency of the LPF. To obtain a smooth control voltage for the VCO the frequency of the LPF has to be much smaller than the lowest frequency of the internal or external audio signal. Otherwise the frequency of the internal VCO will jitter or wobble around the correct frequency. But for special effects this frequency jitter can be used intentionally. Example: frequencies in the range 50Hz...1kHz have to be processed with the PLL. Therefore the frequency of the LPF has to be about 10Hz or even less. Such a low frequency of the LPF causes a noticeable slew of the internal VCO. When the frequency of the external signal jumps e.g. between 500Hz and 1kHz it takes about 0.1 second until the internal VCO reaches the new frequency (like portamento). So one has to find a compromise between frequency jitter and portamento. But these remarks are valid only for the "ideal" working PLL. As the A-196 is used in a musical environment the "problems" and disadvantages with jitter and slew time lead to additional musical applications like portamento effects, wobbling frequencies or harmonic locking according to the type of frequency comparator and time constant of the PLL low pass filter. Instead of the internal manually controlled low pass filter the voltage controlled slew limiter A-171 can be used to obtain voltage control of this parameter. Normal audio filters (e.g. A-120, A-121) cannot be used for this job as the minimum frequency is to high (down to a few Hz or even less necessary) and the signal has to be DC coupled due to the low frequencies. Audio filters are normally AC coupled.

Another very important application of a PLL is frequency multiplication in combination with an external frequency divider. For this the output of the PLL-VCO is processed through an external frequency divider (e.g. A-163, A-160, A-161, A-115) before it is fed to In1 of the phase comparator. In this case the frequency of the PLL-VCO will be a multiple of the master frequency. E.g. if the A-163 is used and adjusted to dividing factor 5 the frequency of the PLL-VCO will be 5 times the frequency of the master VCO. Consequently, frequency division (A-163) leads to frequency multiplication with the PLL circuit. In combination with the PLL low pass frequency several effects can be realized (frequency multiplication with portamento or wobbling). The frequency multiplication can even be used to drive a graphic VCO. If your graphic VCO e.g. has 8 steps (e.g. A-155) and you use a frequency divider with factor 8 in the PLL feedback the output of the graphic VCO has the same frequency as the master VCO. Another application is the generation of pseudo-harmonics (not real harmonics as only rectangle waves are available) or clock generation for switched-capacitor filters.

Notes: Module A-147-4 is a dual voltage controlled LFO (Low Frequency Oscillator). Each LFO has the five waveforms triangle, sine, rising and falling sawtooth, as well as rectangle available. The rectangle output features manually adjustable pulsewidth and pulsewidth modulation by means of an external control voltage. The core waveform is triangle. The other waveforms are derived from triangle by means of waveform converters. The frequency of each LFO can be adjusted manually and modulated by means of an external control voltage with associated attenuator and polarity switch. By means of a jumper the basic frequency range of each LFO can selected: about 0.02 Hz (~ 50 seconds) ... 2.5kHz or about 0.0017 Hz(~ 600 seconds) ... 220Hz. That way each LFO can be used also as a VCO with a max. frequency of about 2.5kHz. Each LFO features a reset input which can be used to reset the triangle signal.

The module has these controls and in/outputs available:

Control F : manual control of the frequency, for each LFO the frequency range can be selected by means of a jumper from two values (see technical notes)

frequency coverage of control F in the high frequency range: about 0.075 Hz (~ 13 seconds) ... 1,4kHz

frequency coverage of control F in the low frequency range: about 0.007 Hz (~ 140 seconds) ... 125Hz

Control CV: attenuator for the signal applied to the CV socket, by means of a jumper a small positive voltage can be applied to the switching contact of the /CV/ socket, as long as no patch cable is connected to /CV/ socket the CV control then works as fine control for the frequency

Switch CV Pol.: polarity switch for the signal applied to the socket /CV/

Control PW/PM: combined control for manual and CV control of the rectangle pulsewidth:

when no patch cable is connected to socket /P/ the control is used to adjust the pulsewidth (PW) manually

when a patch cable is connected to socket /P/ the control works as attenuator for the external CV signal with a basic pulsewidth of 50:50.

Socket /CV/: frequency control voltage input, in the factory the module is adjusted so that the sensitivity of this input is exactly 1V/octave when the CV control is fully CW.

Socket /R/: reset input, according to the associated jumper the reset input is edge triggered or level controlled (see technical notes for details)

Socket /P/: pulsewidth control voltage input

Sockets with waveform symbol: output of the waveform in question (triangle, sine, rising and falling sawtooth, rectangle)

The output voltage ranges are about -5V ... +5V (10Vpp), except the rectangle output

For the rectangle output one can choose by means of a jumper if the range is about -5V ... +5V or 0...+10V.

LED: visual control of the LFO (triangle)

The inputs of the module are labelled with white characters on black background (in the text included into two slashes). The outputs are labelled with black characters.
Technical notes and special features:

The basic frequency range of each LFO can be selected by means of a jumper. The settings correspond to two different capacitor values for the VCO circuit. The relation between the two ranges is about 1:11. When the upper range is selected frequencies from about 0.02 Hz up to 2.5kHz can be generated. For the lower range the values are about 0.0017 Hz ... 220Hz. To obtain these full frequency ranges external control voltages are required. With the frequency control F only the frequencies mentioned above are possible.

Apart from that the range for the manual control F can be reduced to obtain a finer resolutuion. For this a jumper has to be removed. The range of control F is then reduced to about 1:4.5 only.

In the factory the starting voltage of the triangle output after a reset is adjusted to 0V, i.e. the triangle starts from 0V with the rising slope after a reset. By means of a trimming potentiometer the starting voltage can be adjusted to another value (e.g. to -5V).

Another jumper is used to set the reset behaviour to edge triggered or level controlled. When set to edge triggered the rising edge of reset signal is used for the reset (independent of the duration of the "high" state of the reset signal). When set to level controlled the triangle output remains at the starting voltage as long as the reset signal is "high". Only when the reset signal turns "low" the triangle starts.

Dimensions
8 HP
45 mm deep

Current Draw
80 mA +12V
70 mA -12V

Notes: A-180-9 is another simple but useful tool. It can be used to connect up to 14 signals between different cases by means of standard network cables (RJ45). These cables are available all over world smoothly in different lengths and colours. From the factory two black network cables with 0.5 m length are enclosed.

The upper network connector is wired to the eight sockets 1-8, the lower to the six sockets A-F. That way it's possible to pre-patch different cases and connect signals, that are required in all cases (e.g. clock, start/stop, master CV) by means of one or two cables only instead of 14 individual patch cables. When only eight signals are required only the upper network connector is required and the sockets 1-8 are used. When more than eight signals have to be patched both network connectors have to be used. It's also possible to wire the upper and lower network to different cases (i.e. signals 1-8 to external case #1 and signals A-F to external case#2).

The module is fully passive (no power supply required) and simply wires the 14 sockets to 14 pins of the network connectors.

The A-180-9 comes in pairs for combining two modular systems.

Notes: Module A-134-2 contains two identical voltage controlled crossfader units.

Each unit has two voltage controlled amplifiers (VCAs) with opposite control behaviour available. The outputs of the two VCAs are mixed together to obtain a common output. The behaviour of the control voltage inputs can be chosen with an internal jumper:

Symmetrical mode: If the corresponding jumper is not set both VCAs of the crossfader have the same 50% amplification with zero CV. If the applied CV becomes positive the amplification of VCA1 decreases and those of VCA2 increases in the same way. A negative CV has the opposite result. The CV voltage range to obtain the maximum/minimum positions of the crossfader is about -2.5....+2.5V. This mode is useful for bidirectional (i.e. positive and negative) control voltages, for example LFO or joy stick (adjusted to 0V CV in centre position).

Asymmetrical mode: If the corresponding jumper is set VCA2 is fully closed and VCA1 has full 100% amplification with zero CV. If the applied CV becomes positive the amplification of VCA1 decreases and those of VCA2 increases in the same way. The CV voltage range to obtain the maximum/minimum positions of the crossfader is about 0...+5V. A negative CV has no function in this mode. This mode is useful for unidirectional (i.e. only positive) control voltages, for example ADSR, ribbon controller or Theremin control voltage.

The CV input of the upper unit (CV1) is normalled to the CV input of the lower unit (CV2). I.e. if no plug is inserted to CV2 the CV input of the upper unit (CV1) also controls the lower unit.

The second signal input of the upper unit (In1B) is normalled to the first signal input of the lower unit (In2A). I.e. if no plug is inserted into In2A the signal In1B is used as the first signal input of the second unit.

As the inputs and outputs are DC coupled the module can be used for both audio and control voltage signal processing.

Notes: Theremin module for generating a variable control voltage by approaching/removing hand to/from an antenna. The distance range is about 30-40 cm. Additionally the module is equipped with a Gate output with adjustable threshold level. Controls/Inputs/Outputs: antenna input, offset (knob for zero adjust), 2 x CV out, 2 x LED (for CV control positive/negative and zero offset adjust).

To simulate the original Theremin two A-178, a VCO (e.g. A-110) and a linear VCA (e.g. A-130 or A-132) are required. But of course the A-178 can be used to control other functions in the A-100 (e.g. filter frequency, modulation depth and/or speed, tempo, attack/decay time and so on).

The CV output voltage of the A-178 can range - according to the setting of the front panel controls - from -10V...+10V. The gate output switches from 0V to about +10V.

Applications:

- Controlling any voltage controlled parameter of the A-100, e.g. pitch or pulsewidth (VCO A-110), loudness (VCA A-130/131/132), panorama (A-134), filter frequency or resonance (A-120/121/122/123), phasing (A-125), frequency shift (A-126), resonance peaks (A-127), envelope parameters (A-141/142), tempo (A-147)

- Triggering of A-100 activities via gate with adjustable threshold, e.g. starting an envelope (A-140/141/142), Start/Stop of a sequence (A-155), any switching function (A-150/151)

- Conversion into MIDI control change messages is possible with the A-192.

If two or more A-178 are used the distance between the modules/antennas should be at least 40-50 cm. Otherwise the antennas may affect each other.

Notes: Module A-183-9 is a simple power supply for up to four devices which can be powered via USB (e.g. keyboards, smartphones). An LED shows is the +5V are present.

The module has no USB function but provides only the +5V supply for USB devices.

A control LED shows if the +5V are present.

Note: The module requires an A-100 case with built in power supply A-100PSU3. Only this A-100 supply has the required +5V available. We do not recommend the usage of an older A-100 case with A-100PSU2 as this would require the +5V adapter A-100AD5 and the max. current would be limited to 100mA.

Notes: A fully modular, Eurorack-format version of the excellent Dark Energy synth, the A-111-5 offers VCO, VCF, LFOs, VCA and envelope generator in a compact format. Brilliant value for a starter system.

Supplier's Notes:
Module A-111-5 is a complete monophonic synthesizer module that includes these components (modular version of Dark Energy):

VCO
Manual tune control (with an internal jumper the range can be set to ~ +/-1 half an octave or ~ +/-2.5 octaves)
Range switch -1 / 0 / +1 octave
Frequency range about 10Hz ... 12kHz - FM (frequency modulation) control with modulation source switch (LFO1 / off / ADSR)
Manual pulsewidth control for rectangle waveform
PWM control with modulation source switch (LFO2 / off / ADSR)
Waveform switch (sawtooth / off / triangle)
The sum of the waveform chosen by this switch and the rectangle is fed into the VCF (to turn the rectangle off the PW control has to be set fully CCW)
External CV input for VCO frequency (1V/octave)
External CV input for external PWM of the rectangle - internal CV input for frequency (1V/octave) connected to the A-100 bus via jumper, the jumper can be used to interrupt this internal connection if not wanted

VCF
24 dB low pass
~ 12 octaves frequency range
Manual frequency control
Tracking switch half - off - full (internally connected to the external frequency CV input of the VCO, i.e. the VCF tracks to the VCO if the switch is set to "half" or "full" position)
XM: exponential FM (frequency modulation) control with modulation source switch (LFO2 / off / ADSR)
LM: linear FM (frequency modulation) control to modulate the VCF by the triangle of the VCO in a linear (!) manner
Manual resonance control (up to self oscillation)
External audio input (this signal is added to the VCO signal)
External CV input for filter frequency - 1V/octave tracking for usage of the VCF as a sine wave oscillator (not as precise as the VCO but much better than most of the other filters)
VCA
Manual amplitude control
AM (amplitude modulation) control with modulation source switch (LFO1 / off / ADSR)
External CV input for VCA amplitude - special control scale: exponential scale in the range from about -20dB to -80/90dB, linear scale from about -20dB to 0dB (Remark: this special control scale results in a loudness behaviour that is a bit different from pure linear or exponential VCA)
LFO1 and LFO2
Manual frequency control
Waveform switch (triangle / off / rectangle)
Range switch (low, audio, medium) - LED display (dual green/red color for positive/negative share of the signal)
The inverted LFO1 signal is available as an additional socket (to use the LFO1 signal for external modules)
An internal jumper can be used to select between the LFO1 signal or the inverted LFO1 signal

ADSR
Manual controls for Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release
Range switch (long, short, medium) - blue LED display
ADSR signal is available as an additional socket (to use the ADSR signal for external modules)
Gate input connected to the A-100 bus via jumper, the jumper can be used to interrupt this internal connection if not wanted

Remarks:
As the LFO frequencies can go up to moderate audio range (~ 5kHz) even audio FM effects of VCO (pitch and pulsewidth), VCF and ADSR are possible.

If the VCO is turned off (waveform switch = center position, pulsewidth control = fully CCW) and the VCF resonance is set to maximum the module can be used as a sine oscillator. The sine can be modulated in a linear manner from the triangle wave of the VCO and by LFO2 in an exponential manner at the same time !

From the factory the socket labelled "LFO1" outputs the inverted LFO1 signal. But as the module has several internal pin headers available even another signal may appear at this socket by changing the internal module patch. These six pin headers are available: LFO1 output, LFO2 output, ADSR output, inverter input, inverter output, output socket. The internal default patch is LFO1 -> inverter input, inverter output -> output socket (i.e. socket = inverted LFO1). But even another signal can be patched to this socket (e.g. inverted ADSR, non-inverted LFO1, inverted or non-inverted LFO2). It is also possible to add a blind panel next to the A-111-5 with a couple of sockets that are connected to the corresponding pins of the A-111-5 pc board. The in- and outputs of the VCO, VCF and VCA are not available as pin headers because the VCO, VCF and VCA are internally connected in the circuit which is used in this module.

Notes: Module A-115 is a four-way frequency divider. The frequency of a signal at the input is halved (half frequency = first sub-octave), quartered (1/4 frequency = second sub-octave), and so on. In this way, the DIVIDER produces four sub-octaves (F/2 down to F/16).

At the output, the A-115 produces a summed mix of the original and the four sub-octaves. There are attenuators to control the amount (i.e. Amplitude) of the original signal and each of the sub-octaves.

Bear in mind that the sub-octaves output by the A-115 are all true square waves. At the output there are always four square waves and the original signal available.

Notes: Module A-112 is the combination of a voltage controlled 8 Bit Sampler and a wavetable oscillator. On top of it the module is able to generate some special effects. A-112 was designed as an additional sound source with the typical sounds of the early 8 bit samplers and is not comparable with the modern polyphonic MIDI samplers available on the market.

Sampling mode: 8 bit audio resolution, 128kB memory in 2 banks 64kB each (equivalent to 2 seconds of sampling time for each bank with 32 kHz sampling rate), audio input with attenuator, overload display in record mode (gate LED), possibility of MIDI Dump to store sounds in a computer via MIDI, non-volatile memory for the 2 samples in the module, manual tune control for adjustment of sampling rate for record and play, CV input (~ 1V/Oct), both manual tune and CV determine the sampling rate respectively the pitch (pitch range is 5 octaves), gate input (not a trigger: the sample starts at the positive edge of the gate signal and is played as long as gate is high or until the end of the sample is reached), manual Gate button, non-filtered audio output (thus quantizing noise can be used as an element of the sound intentionally).

Wavetable mode: special appearance of the sampling mode when playing a sample, the audio input is now used as a second control voltage input for moving through the sample in 256 byte wide loops (wavetables). The control voltage required to move through all wavetables applied to the input "Wave CV In" is in the range -2.5V (wavetable 1) ... 0V (wavetable 127) ... +2.5V (wavetable 256) when control "Atten." is set fully clockwise. To achieve the typical wavetable oscillator sounds the sampling memory must contain corresponding wavetable data (e.g. loaded via MIDI dump). These data contain a set of wavetables with different harmonic content (e.g. a filter sweep) to get the typical wavetable sound while moving through the tables via CV. But you may also use a "normal" sample and go through the sample with CV to obtain partially amazing sounds never heard before. You may use for example sampled speech and go with CV through the syllables or speech shreds to get really very extreme sounds. An ideal addition for this feature is the Offset/Attenuator module A-183-2 which can be used to adjust the position of the wavetable (Offset) and the modulation depth (Att.). The corresponding jumper of the A-183-2 has to be set to bipolar offset (as the A-112 requires -2.5V...+2.5V to pass through all 256 wavetables). As modulation source an LFO (A-145, A-146, A-147, A-143-3), ADSR (A-140, A-141, A-142, A-143-1/2) or a random voltage (A-118, A-149-1) may be used. Even a ribbon controller (A-198 or R2M), the Theremin module A-178, the Joystick A-174 or the Wheels module A-174-2 are useful to drive through the wavetables.

Effects: Additionally, the module offers - in a way free of charge - some effects like delay, reverse delay, pitch shifting or freeze. But it has to be pointed out that due to the 8 bit audio resolution these effects are not comparable to high quality effect units and should be understand as an extra for nothing. The A-112 is not an effects unit!

The sampling time of the A-112 is about 1...30 seconds corresponding to a sampling frequency range of about 60kHz...2kHz (64kB@60kHz ~ 1 s, 64kB@2kHz ~ 30 s).

Technical note: the module uses a battery for the non-volatile storage of the sampling data. Batteries have a limited lifespan and have to be inspected at least every two years. For details please refer to the FAQ page of our website: Lifespan of rechargeable batteries (used for memory backup).

Notes: Module A-182-1 is a simple passive multi-connector similar to the multiples modules A-180-1/A-180-2. In contrast to modules A-180-1/2 each socket is equipped with a 3-position switch that allows to connect the corresponding socket to the internal bus #1 (left position), bus #2 (right position) or to turn the socket off (centre position).

Examples:

- All switches in left position or all switches in right position: 8-fold multiple

- Four switches in left position and four switches in right position: two 4-fold multiple

- X switches in left position, Y switches in right position and Z switches in centre position: two separate multiples with some sockets turned off

Notes: Module A-184-2 is the combination of two functions and planned primarily as an expansion module for VCOs or LFOs (e.g. A-110-1, A-110-2, A-145, A-147-2).

Triangle-to-Sine Waveshaper:

The upper section is a very precise triangle-to-sine converter (thanks to Tim Stinchcombe who recommended this circuit). It can be used to convert any triangle waveform into a (nearly) perfect sine. The converter is much better than the simple diode converter used in the A-110-1, A-111-1, A-145 and A-147-2. Two trimming potentiometers are used to optimize the sine shape. The converter should be assigned to one VCO or LFO because the trimming potentiometers have to be re-adjusted if the input level or DC offset of the input signal changes. If the trimming potentiometers are deliberately mis-adjusted it can be used also as a waveshaper for non-sine waveforms (e.g. sine-shaped at the top of the signal and a peak at the bottom, even voltage controlled by applying an additional voltage to the waveshaping circuit, "circuit-bending" notes will be available).

The waveform converter is DC coupled and can be used also for low frequencies (e.g. LFO triangle waves).

Voltage Controlled Crossfader:

The lower section is a voltage controlled crossfader. It has two inputs A and B. The two signals are mixed together with variable percentage. When the manual control CF is fully CCW only signal A appears at the CF Out socket. When the manual control CF is fully CW only signal B appears at the CF Out socket. In the centre position of the manual control both signal appear with the same level. In addition a control voltage input CV with attenuator is available to enable voltage control of the crossfade.

Two LEDs display the crossfading shares of input A and B.

The crossfader uses two high quality VCAs (SSM2164). Inputs and outputs are DC coupled. Consequently it can be used for audio signals and slowly varying control voltages as well.

The sockets of the upper section (triangle and sine) are normalled to the inputs A and B of the crossfader section. That way the crossfader is used to fade between triangle and sine of the VCO or LFO connected to the waveshaper. If other signals are plugged into the input sockets A and B these signals are used for crossfading.

The main application is to fade between two different waveforms of a VCO or LFO or two different VCF outputs. But the module can be used for any other signals too as the waveshaper and crossfader sections are independent apart from the normalled sockets.

Notes: Blank panel, 2HP, constructed from anodised aluminium, silver.

Notes: Blank panel, 8HP, constructed from anodised aluminium, silver.